Hypothyroidism(With Videos)

Hypothyroidism

Hypothyroidism Definition

The thyroid gland is a member 30 grams, located at the front of the neck, having two lobes located on either side of the larynx and connected by a central portion, called isthmus. The main function of the thyroid gland is the synthesis of two hormones (T3 and T4), essential to control the body’s metabolism. For the production of these hormones, the thyroid gland needs iodine.

There is talk of hypothyroidism when the thyroid gland produces too little thyroid hormone or more. Women are more often affected than men.

Hypothyroidism Causes

Congenital

• Maternal hypothyroidism
• Insufficient development of the thyroid gland or thyroid hormone production defective.

Acquired :

• Chronic inflammation of the thyroid gland with destruction of thyroid tissue and insufficient production of thyroid hormones.
• Treatment with iodine or antithyroid drugs for hyperthyroidism earlier.
• Disturbances in thyroid hormone synthesis.
• Complete or partial removal of the thyroid gland due to hyperthyroidism or cancer.

The thyroid gland (img: drugs.com)

Hypothyroidism Disorders (Symptoms)

• The overall pace is very slow, with lack of energy
• Lack of appetite associated with weight gain
• Dry and cold
• Hoarse whisper and
• Spiked hair
• Slow heartbeat (bradycardia)
• Early arteriosclerosis (arterial calcification) following a rise in cholesterol
• Menstrual disorders
• Decrease in performance (often unrecognized in the elderly and explained by their age)
• In infants, constipation, reduced movement and “laziness” to drink

Hypothyroidism Examinations (Diagnosis)

• History with current symptoms
• Blood: determination of the concentration of thyroid hormones and determination of thyroid antibodies in cases of suspected chronic inflammation of the gland.
• Ultrasound, scintigraphy
• Biopsy (tissue sample)
• In newborns

Hypothyroidism Treatment Options

Hyperthyroidism (img : asleepeasy.com)

When the diagnosis is confirmed, the treatment involves giving replacement therapy with thyroid hormones. Appropriate doses to be administered are determined from the concentrations of thyroid hormones in the blood.

It is essential to make this replacement therapy on a regular basis. To avoid erratic absorption of this replacement therapy in the gastrointestinal system, such preparations must be taken after an overnight fast, with a little water, at least 20 minutes before eating food or beverages.

Hypothyroidism Possible Complications

In adults, it is often possible to establish an appropriate treatment for the patient to lead a normal life.

In infants, hypothyroidism is sometimes responsible for growth retardation and / or development.